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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 29, 2020:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Physics news
 | Quantum autoencoders to denoise quantum measurementsMany research groups worldwide are currently trying to develop instruments to collect high-precision measurements, such as atomic clocks or gravimeters. Some of these researchers have tried to achieve this using entangled quantum states, which have a higher sensitivity to quantities than classical or non-entangled states. |
 | Catching nuclear smugglers: Fast algorithm could enable cost-effective detectors at bordersA new algorithm could enable faster, less expensive detection of weapons-grade nuclear materials at borders, quickly differentiating between benign and illicit radiation signatures in the same cargo. |
 | A new machine learning method streamlines particle accelerator operationsEach year, researchers from around the world visit the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory to conduct hundreds of experiments in chemistry, materials science, biology and energy research at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-ray laser. LCLS creates ultrabright X-rays from high-energy beams of electrons produced in a giant linear particle accelerator. |
 | Frustrated bimeron shows rich and exotic dynamicsTopological spin textures in magnetic systems with exchange frustration, such as skyrmions and bimerons, may show non-trivial topology and exotic dynamics. |
 | How growth of the scientific enterprise influenced a century of quantum physicsAustrian quantum theorist Erwin Schrödinger first used the term "entanglement," in 1935, to describe the mind-bending phenomenon in which the actions of two distant particles are bound up with each other. Entanglement was the kind of thing that could keep Schrödinger awake at night; like his friend Albert Einstein, he thought it cast doubt on quantum mechanics as a viable description of the world. How could it be real? |
 | A quantum approach to imaging and sensor problems faced by biologists and cliniciansA host of diseases—like meningitis, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, even some cancers—are ultimately caused by problems at the cellular level. Hence, understanding what is happening inside cells is essential. Observing cells under a microscope helps, but what medical researchers would really like to do is see processes inside cells in minute detail. |
Astronomy and Space news
 | HD 38170 is a magnetic B-type star, observations suggestAn international team of astronomers has conducted spectropolarimetric observations of four stars identified by the MOBSTER (Magnetic OB[A] Stars with TESS: probing their Evolutionary and Rotational properties) project. The study found that one of the investigated objects is a magnetic B-type star. The finding is detailed in a paper published April 21 on the arXiv pre-print server. |
 | Spitzer Telescope reveals the precise timing of a black hole danceBlack holes aren't stationary in space; in fact, they can be quite active in their movements. But because they are completely dark and can't be observed directly, they're not easy to study. Scientists have finally figured out the precise timing of a complicated dance between two enormous black holes, revealing hidden details about the physical characteristics of these mysterious cosmic objects. |
 | 4-billion-year-old nitrogen-containing organic molecules discovered in Martian meteoritesA research team including research scientist Atsuko Kobayashi from the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, and research scientist Mizuho Koike from the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, have found nitrogen-bearing organic material in carbonate minerals in a Martian meteorite. This organic material has most likely been preserved for 4 billion years since Mars' Noachian age. Because carbonate minerals typically precipitate from the groundwater, this finding suggests a wet and organic-rich early Mars, which could have been habitable and favorable for life to start. |
 | Asteroid 1998 OR2 to safely fly past Earth this weekA large near-Earth asteroid will safely pass by our planet on Wednesday morning, providing astronomers with an exceptional opportunity to study the 1.5-mile-wide (2-kilometer-wide) object in great detail. |
 | Newly discovered exoplanet dethrones former king of Kepler-88 planetary systemOur solar system has a king. The planet Jupiter, named for the most powerful god in the Greek pantheon, has bossed around the other planets through its gravitational influence. With twice the mass of Saturn, and 300 times that of Earth, Jupiter's slightest movement is felt by all the other planets. Jupiter is thought to be responsible for the small size of Mars, the presence of the asteroid belt, and a cascade of comets that delivered water to young Earth. |
 | NASA scientists tapped to mature more rugged seismometer system to measure moonquakesNASA hasn't measured moonquakes since Apollo astronauts deployed a handful of measuring stations at various locations on the lunar surface and discovered unexpectedly that Earth's only natural satellite was far from seismically inactive. |
 | Researchers identify periods in asynchronous polarsA polar is a highly magnetic type of cataclysmic variables containing an accreting white dwarf and a low-mass donor star. Due to the magnetism, the white dwarf would synchronously spin, however, there are still several asynchronous polars well confirmed with their angular velocities of the white dwarfs more or less than their orbital ones. |
Technology news
 | A highly performing and efficient e-skin for robotic applicationsResearchers at Technische Universität München in Germany have recently developed an electronic skin that could help to reproduce the human sense of touch in robots. This e-skin, presented in a paper published in MDPI's Sensors journal, requires far less computational power than other existing e-skins and can thus be applied to larger portions of a robot's body. |
 | Researchers give robotic arms a steady hand for surgeriesSteady hands and uninterrupted, sharp vision are critical when performing surgery on delicate structures like the brain or hair-thin blood vessels. While surgical cameras have improved what surgeons see during operative procedures, the "steady hand" remains to be enhanced—new surgical technologies, including sophisticated surgeon-guided robotic hands, cannot prevent accidental injuries when operating close to fragile tissue. |
 | Automating the search for entirely new 'curiosity' algorithmsDriven by an innate curiosity, children pick up new skills as they explore the world and learn from their experience. Computers, by contrast, often get stuck when thrown into new environments. |
 | New material processing steps significantly improve operational stability of hybrid perovskite solar cellsSilicon has long been the conventional material of choice for solar cells, which convert energy from the sun into electricity. However, because light absorption in silicon is inefficient, solar cells made of silicon are thick, heavy, and rigid. Moreover, their manufacturing is complex and expensive. To address these issues, scientists have been trying to find alternatives to silicon. |
 | New privacy threat combines device identification with biometric informationA study by computer scientists at the University of Liverpool has revealed a new privacy threat from devices such as smartphones, smart doorbells and voice assistants that allows cyber attackers to access and combine device identification and biometric information. |
 | Zero-day exploit hits Sophos Firewall XGSophos rushed patches to users of its popular XG Firewall network system following reports the company received last week that hackers were actively exploiting an SQL injection vulnerability. |
 | Are salt deposits a solution for nuclear waste disposal?Around the world, there are pools of water filled with nuclear waste waiting for their final resting place. This is waste that was created from decades of nuclear power generation, and the waste must be handled carefully. |
 | California scales up 1st-in-US electric truck sale proposalCalifornia regulators on Tuesday strengthened a proposed first-in-the-nation rule that would force auto makers to sell more electric delivery vans and work trucks in a state with the country's worst air quality. |
 | Samsung Electronics profit slips on virus, more falls forecastThe world's biggest smartphone maker, Samsung Electronics, said Wednesday that net profits in the first quarter were only slightly impacted by the coronavirus pandemic but warned of further falls to come as demand is "significantly" hit by the disease. |
 | Google parent Alphabet sees growth despite pandemic; shares jumpGoogle parent Alphabet on Tuesday outshined dim earnings expectations, showing higher revenue and profits despite a coronavirus-induced slowdown in its core digital advertising operations in March. |
 | Singapore launches first drone delivery serviceSingapore's first drone delivery service has begun by taking vitamins to a ship, with its operator saying Wednesday the devices are crucial in reducing human contact during the coronavirus pandemic. |
 | Volvo Cars says to cut 1,300 jobsChinese-owned Swedish automaker Volvo Cars said Wednesday it was cutting up to 1,300 white-collar jobs in Sweden in a restructuring accelerated by the impact of the new coronavirus. |
 | Google makes its video meeting service free to allGoogle on Wednesday made its business videoconferencing service free to all users, ramping up competition for Zoom as people flock online to stay connected during the pandemic. |
 | Making cryptocurrency payments fast and secureTrading in digital currencies such as Bitcoin or Ether has become an established practice but using them as a payment means is still a slow process. ETH Professor Srdjan Capkun and his team have now developed a system that makes cryptocurrency payments secure, fast and practical. |
 | Automated test bed helps battery stakeholders with residential systemsWhen National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researchers began one of the largest-to-date studies of residential battery systems, their first finding was made before any data arrived at the lab: Residential battery stakeholders could find major benefits in working closer together. |
 | UPS to deliver medicine by drone to large Florida retirement communityUPS plans to use drones for deliveries of prescription medicines from a CVS pharmacy to The Villages retirement community in Florida. |
 | Sony will launch 'The Last of Us Part II' in June after parts of video game leaked onlineSony announced it will release the highly-anticipated video game The Last of Us Part II in June after development studio Naughty Dog confirmed parts of the game were leaked online. |
 | Car tech to guard against distracted drivingDistracted driving puts not only drivers on the road at risk but also passengers, cyclists and pedestrians. In 2018, it led to the deaths of 2,841 people, according to the most current data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. |
 | Pandemic brings fortunes to Amazon—and headaches tooAmazon has spent years honing the business of packing, shipping and delivering millions of products to doorsteps around the world. |
 | Back in black: Spotify profits as subscribers rise despite virusMusic streaming service Spotify said Wednesday it had bounced back into profit during the first quarter, posting growing subscriber numbers as much of the world is in lockdown over the new coronavirus. |
 | Galileo positioning aiding COVID-19 reactionAs European governments plan their phased recoveries from the lockdown states triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the positioning delivered through satellite navigation is becoming more important than ever before. Location is a key requirement when attempting to monitor and map the spread of a disease and satnav is one of the main tools supporting this. |
 | Lyft slashes workforce in face of major hit from pandemicLyft said Wednesday it plans to shed nearly a thousand workers to help the ride-sharing group survive the pandemic's hit to its business. |
Ford burns up billions of dollars in 1Q, posts $2B net lossThe coronavirus crisis is forcing Ford Motor Co. to burn through cash at an alarming rate, but its chief financial officer says there's enough money to make it through the year —even if U.S. factories aren't restarted. | |
Daimler sees operating loss ahead in Q2 over virusGerman carmaker Daimler warned Wednesday that it would likely make an operating loss in the `second quarter due to the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. | |
 | Volkswagen sees 'severe' virus impact but no annual loss aheadGerman car giant Volkswagen said Wednesday it expects to defy the impact of the coronavirus pandemic with a small operating profit in 2020, although the figure will be "severely" impacted. |
 | Many questions for Boeing as it reports earningsAs it reports first quarter earnings Wednesday, Boeing faces many questions over how it will navigate the coronavirus crisis and its devastating impact on global aviation. |
 | Coronavirus pushes Airbus into Q1 lossEuropean aviation giant Airbus plunged into the red in the first quarter as the coronavirus pandemic sparked "the gravest crisis the aerospace industry has ever known", it said Wednesday. |
 | Smarter, lighter exoskeletons to provide better mobility therapyIn health technology, wearable robots are programmable devices designed to mechanically interact with the body of the wearer. Sometimes referred to as exoskeletons, their purpose is to support motor function for people with severe mobility impairments. But market adoption of exoskeletons has been limited due to factors such as the weight of the equipment and the sometimes inaccurate predictions of wearer's movements when walking on uneven ground or approaching an obstacle. However, recent advances in robotics, materials science and artificial intelligence could make these mobility assistance and rehabilitation tools more compact, lightweight and effective for the wearer. |
Brain Corp. raises another $36M for mobile robots that clean during pandemicBrain Corp."s autonomous driving software doesn't power sexy machines. Its mobile operating system instead controls squat, floor scrubbing robots used in supermarkets, malls and airports. | |
 | Delta to manufacture mobile hospital care pods for military aircraftDelta Air Lines plans to manufacture mobile hospital care pods for the U.S. military to fly home deployed members who have contracted the coronavirus. |
 | Report: Uber mulls laying off 20% of its staff as CTO resignsExecutives at Uber are discussing plans to cut about 20% of the company's employees, according to a report by The Information. |
 | Apple's new iPhone SE is just $399—What's to lose? Here's what you need to know.If Apple's new iPhone is just $399, why not just buy that one, instead of forking over $699, $999 or $1,099 for the bigger iPhone versions? |
 | Air traffic plunges 53% in March: IATAWorld air traffic suffered a massive drop of more than half in March compared with the same period last year thanks to coronavirus-related travel restrictions, the airline industry's trade body said Wednesday. |
 | BIM & Lean Construction well-established in major firms but lacking within industry's SMEsThe construction industry can be transformed by adoption of the practices termed Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Lean Construction. |
 | Boeing to cut 10% of work force as 1Q revenue, profit slideBoeing is cutting about 10% of its work force and slowing production of planes to deal with a downturn in business that started with the grounding of its best-selling jet and has accelerated because of the coronavirus pandemic. |
 | GE reports higher profits, sees deeper virus hit in 2QGeneral Electric reported higher first-quarter profits Wednesday on a gain from a divestiture, but warned that the current quarter would see a bigger hit from the coronavirus pandemic. |
 | Researchers develop world's top-class 400-Gbps optical engineResearchers in South Korea have developed ultra-fast transmitting/receiving optical engine that can provide stable and improved data transfer speed for data centers. |
 | The new smartband iFeel-You is able to read body temperature and enforce social distancingA wearable smartband to support people in dealing with COVID19 pandemic at work or in everyday life: this is the prototype, called iFeel-You, that researchers at IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia developed using their expertise in designing sensorized suits capable of monitoring human body parameters. The smartband is able to alert users when their body temperature is higher than 37.5 degrees and the distance to another person is too close to be safe. |
 | US cites Amazon's foreign platforms over counterfeit goodsAmazon was placed on a US government "notorious markets" list Wednesday over complaints that it failed to crack down on sales of counterfeit merchandise in five of its global e-commerce platforms. |
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